RESUMO
Relevant for various areas of human genetics, Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are commonly used for testing close paternal relationships among individuals and populations, and for male lineage identification. However, even the widely used 17-loci Yfiler set cannot resolve individuals and populations completely. Here, 52 centers generated quality-controlled data of 13 rapidly mutating (RM) Y-STRs in 14,644 related and unrelated males from 111 worldwide populations. Strikingly, >99% of the 12,272 unrelated males were completely individualized. Haplotype diversity was extremely high (global: 0.9999985, regional: 0.99836-0.9999988). Haplotype sharing between populations was almost absent except for six (0.05%) of the 12,156 haplotypes. Haplotype sharing within populations was generally rare (0.8% nonunique haplotypes), significantly lower in urban (0.9%) than rural (2.1%) and highest in endogamous groups (14.3%). Analysis of molecular variance revealed 99.98% of variation within populations, 0.018% among populations within groups, and 0.002% among groups. Of the 2,372 newly and 156 previously typed male relative pairs, 29% were differentiated including 27% of the 2,378 father-son pairs. Relative to Yfiler, haplotype diversity was increased in 86% of the populations tested and overall male relative differentiation was raised by 23.5%. Our study demonstrates the value of RM Y-STRs in identifying and separating unrelated and related males and provides a reference database.
Assuntos
Cromossomos Humanos Y/química , Impressões Digitais de DNA/métodos , Genética Populacional , Haplótipos , Repetições de Microssatélites , África , Alelos , América , Ásia , Impressões Digitais de DNA/estatística & dados numéricos , Europa (Continente) , Frequência do Gene , Variação Genética , Humanos , Masculino , Paternidade , Linhagem , População Rural , População UrbanaRESUMO
In an effort to facilitate forensic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) testing in Morocco, high-quality control region sequences from 509 individuals were generated using a comprehensive processing and data review system. This large dataset of random samples from various Moroccan population groups (Arab speaking, Berber speaking, and Sahrawi speaking) exhibited a low random match probability (0.52 %) and a mean of pairwise comparisons of 13.24. The Moroccan mtDNA gene pool studied here was defined entirely by West Eurasian (58.15 %) and African haplogroups (41.85 %).
Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Genética Populacional , Sequência de Bases , Impressões Digitais de DNA , Etnicidade/genética , Variação Genética , Humanos , MarrocosRESUMO
A sample of 267 unrelated Moroccan males from different ethnic groups (Arabs, Berbers and Sahrawi), was typed for 17 Y-STR loci (DYS19, DYS385, DYS389 I, DYS389 II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, Y GATA H4). Discrimination capacity (96.3%) and haplotype diversity (99.91%) were calculated. A total of 257 haplotypes were identified, of which 237 were unique and 10 were found in two individuals each. DYS385 showed the highest diversity (0.887) followed by DYS458 (0.820) as a single locus marker.
